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MAKING A BUDGET

Establishing a budget is an excellent way of tracking your spending and  you do not need to be struggling with money matters in order to benefit from using a budget. 

Budgets can expose some cold hard home truths

Doing a budget can be the simple solution to rectifying a challenging financial situation but few people do a budget because it exposes spending habits which they prefer to keep hidden. Many people do not want to change their habits despite it costing them an arm and a leg.

There are two parts to a budget.

Your income and your spending.

Your income can be wages from a job, profit from a business, or  income from investments.

Your spending covers everything which is costing you money. 

In short if it makes you money it is income and if it costs you money it is spending.

If you can do some simple maths you will soon discover whether you are left with a surplus or a deficit.

If you have a surplus and you are in debt, use the money to pay off your debt.

If you do not have any debts you can use some or all of your surplus for one or more of your goals; this could be saving for a holiday, saving for a house deposit, saving for a car, or investing it in the sharemarket.

There are so many places to invest your money these days that if you did your homework you will find an appropriate investment for your circumstances.

If you have a deficit you need to take some kind of action rather than try and bury your head in the sand because if you do nothing your financial situation will worsen.

There are two things you can do to balance the books;

1 Reduce spending

2 Increase your income

I don’t know how financially literate you are but if you do not understand financial jargon then I advise you to see a financial advisor to discuss your situation. The public library will have information on where to find a budget advisor.

A budget advisor is unable to help you unless you are completely honest about where your money is going. 

It is up to you to make the decision on which sacrifices you are prepared to make. No one else can make that decision for you.

Your spending can be placed in two categories, your needs and your wants. You may be able to reduce some of the money you spend on your needs but it is the money you spend on your wants which you may find easier to eliminate. 

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

Feel free to share this article with others. You may use this as content for your ebook or web page. Check out my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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SHARE MARKET FALLS

INTRODUCTION

The sharemarket has enjoyed a great run since the Global Financial Crisis. Will it continue or will a major fall in the markets put an end to it all? No one knows therefore, it is important to set proper financial goals and use strategies to factor in scenarios which may or may not occur.

What to do if the sharemarket crashes

The 1987 sharemarket crash known as “Black Monday” wiped out fortunes as many investors lost their life savings. Those of a generation who were around back then will be well aware of what can happen when you place all your eggs in one basket as many investors did. I mean there were stories of investors borrowing money to purchase shares using the value of their shares as collateral. When the markets went down, the value of their shares were a fraction of the money owed on the borrowed money.

The 1987 crash was the worst crash since the 1929 Wall Street crash. There were almost 60 years between 1929 and 1987 so investors need to reassure themselves that another crash may not fall within their lifetime.

So what should investors do when the markets are falling?

Here are my 5 tips:

1 KEEP CALM

Do not fret, markets go up and down like a rollercoaster. Treat the markets as a long term investment. If you are young then you have time on your side. There is time for you to recover from financial setbacks. Even if you are say 50 you still have another 15 or so years before you reach the age of retirement so you do not really need to be too conservative, however, someone who cannot stomach the thought of rapidly falling markets would disagree. It all depends on your temperament. 

A financial advisor is likely to steer you to more conservative investments if you are approaching what is termed “The retirement age.” 

2 STICK TO YOUR FINANCIAL PLAN

It is important to stick with your original plan despite all if the negativity in the newspapers which will no doubt arise after a crash. When planning your financial strategy your plan needs to factor in the possibility of a sharemarket tumble. Shares can take investors on a rollercoaster ride which rewards persistence.

3 DON’T TRY TO TIME THE MARKET

It is time not timing which rewards sharemarket investors. Few investors have the knowledge to predict the movement of a share price and those who do and take advantage of it are breaking the law because it is known as insider trading. Investors should do their homework first and trust their own judgement when deciding on which shares to buy. 

4 KEEP SAVING AND INVESTING

The market rewards consistency. Investing into the markets when there is so much negativity which will follow a crash will pay off. As they say “Fortune favours the brave.” The advantage of investing when there is not much negativity and uncertainty in the markets is that you will be able to snap shares up at bargain prices and as the market recovers, investors will gradually jump on the bandwagon and in doing so will give it a shot in the arm.

5 LISTEN TO THE RIGHT PEOPLE

A sharemarket crash will dominate the news for weeks and all of a sudden there will be financial experts coming out of the woodwork with advice on what you should do with your money. A smart investor will be able to discern between good, bad, or downright stupid advice.

www.robertastewart.com

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

Feel free to print this article for easy reading. You may use this article for content for your website or ebook. Visit my site www.robertastewart.com for other articles.

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HOW TO FIND A NICHE TO PROMOTE

Franz Josef Glacier in New Zealand

INTRODUCTION
Finding a niche to promote is really quite easy if you know where to look. It is just a matter of keeping your eyes open and watching what others are doing successfully. 

Easy ways of finding a niche to promote

Finding a niche to get involved in is as easy as going along to your local supermarket and looking at the magazine stand. Here you will see what people are interested in and paying money to read. 

I did just that and have compiled a list of specialist magazines which caught my eye, they are:

Classic cars

Property

Boating

Hunting

Firearms

Healthy eating

Parenting

Running

Home renovating

gardening

These are all general niches. People who purchase these magazines are interested in a niche of a niche; for example, classic car fanatics may be interested in a particular type of classic car. A gardener may not necessarily be interested in growing veggies but rather a particular type of plant such as herbs, ginseng, daffodils, roses, cactus plants or pot plants.

Many TV programs cater for niches. One just needs to look through the TV guide of your local newspaper or magazine with TV listings to see that cooking and do-it-yourself building projects are currently two niches featured on TV. 

Travel and religion are two others which are featured. 

The fact that these kinds of niches are  made into TV shows is proof enough that there are millions of people worldwide who are interested in such niches when you consider the cost of screening these shows.

Another way to find possible niches to promote is to obtain a list of clubs and organisations from your local council or public library. This will give you a sense of what others are interested in. Your local library notice board may give you some ideas as may the notice board at your local supermarket which usually has ads for local organisations.

People will prioritise spending in order that their passions will be catered for, therefore it is important to cater for a person’s wants rather than their needs.

Take a stroll down the main street of your local street and you will see this is the case. You will find shops which cater for niche markets. 

Then there are the classifieds in many of the magazines which cater for niches. It all gives you a clue as to what niches others are making money from.

If sellers are spending money on advertising every week then it just goes to show that the advertising is working and there is a demand for what they are selling. 

Once you have chosen a niche it is then time to plan a strategy on how to make money from it.

It is by no means necessary to just focus on the internet in order to make money from certain niches. Having an offline presence can be useful in bringing money in while developing your online business. 

Gardening is a great offline niche. In my home town of Greymouth with a population of 11,000 there are several stores where one is able to purchase plants. It shows that there is a lot of money being spent in this niche.

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

You are welcome to post this on your blog/site or use it as content for your ebook. Feel free to share this article with others. Robert Stewart has a blog www.robertastewart.com with other articles which may be of interest to you.

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Values based investing

INTRODUCTION

Investing in companies which line up with your values is becoming more popular as investors become aware of where their money is invested. Commonly known as “Socially Responsible Investing,” investing according to your values sends a message to companies and if enough investors are socially responsible investors then change is possible.

Values based investing

What is value- based investing?

It is investing in companies which line up with your values.

A value-based investment portfolio can be based on environmental factors, moral factors, or your faith. 

Investments based on a set of values is usually called, “Ethical Investments,” but it really all depends on your code of ethics when deciding on what constitutes ethical investing. It is more commonly known as “Socially Responsible Investing,” but I prefer to call it “Values Based Investing,” because not everyone shares the same values.

What may be ethical for one person may not be so for another, therefore, it is up to each one of us to do our homework and read the information provided by the fund’s website. It is important to know what is ethical to you when choosing a fund to invest in.

A prudent investor after he or she has done their homework will discern between what is fact and fiction and whether a company actually lives up to their claims. 

Green washing is when a company uses marketing to make claims of being a socially responsible company but in reality they do not practice what they preach. 

A company may make donations to charities but that does not necessarily make them green, ethical, or socially responsible.

One company I know has stop selling coal yet sells imported clothing from third world companies where the working conditions in the clothing factories are unknown.

There are several variations of value-based investments and they come under different names; here are the ones I know of:

SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENTS

These are investments which follow socially acceptable guidelines. They invest in companies whose activities are not damaging to the environment. You can be sure that these kinds of investments do not have funds invested in companies which are involved in fossil fuels.

ETHICAL BASED INVESTMENTS

An investment fund based on ethics may not invest in companies involved in the gambling, alcohol, and cigarette industry. Any investment related to the meat industry may also be off limits if you are a vegetarian.

FAITH BASED INVESTMENTS

Some churches have their own investments which are used to fund various church activities. For many investors in church funds the return on their money is a secondary consideration to the work carried  out by the church with investor’s money.

GREEN INVESTMENTS

This is basically concerned with climate change and the environment. It is another name for socially responsible investing.

IMPACT INVESTMENTS

Another name for socially responsible investments.

It is important to follow the basic rules of investing and to diversify your investments and invest according to your age and life goals. Investing in mutual funds is an excellent way to reduce your risk as your money is spread  over different companies. Diversification as it is commonly known is a good strategy to have particularly when you are older and have less time to recover from financial setbacks. The young ones are able to take more risks. 

Balancing risk and reward is an art and to become really good at it requires experience.

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

You have the right to use this article as content for your ebook, post it on your blog or website, and even edit it. Visit my blog www.robertastewart.com for other articles.

Note: This article is of the writer’s own opinion and experience and does not represent financial advice.

www.robertastewart.com

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KIWISAVER

INTRODUCTION

Investing for the future is important in order to make things easier for you in your later years and being registered with your country’s retirement savings scheme is a must. There are so many advantages to being involved in such schemes. Every country will have its own rules and it is suggested you do your homework in order to familiarise yourself with your country’s retirement scheme.

The Features and Benefits of joining New Zealand’s Kiwisaver scheme

Written by R A Stewart

This is of particular interest to New Zealanders of those about to become New Zealanders. If you are from another country some of the information may be applicable to your situation since most countries has its own retirement savings scheme with incentives to encourage people to join in the scheme.

WHAT IS KIWISAVER

It is New Zealand’s retirement savings scheme. Kiwisaver began July 1st 2007 as a scheme to encourage New Zealanders to contribute to their retirement savings. It has been acknowledged that New Zealanders are good at spending but not good at saving; the scheme was devised to address this fact.

INCENTIVES

When kiwisaver was first introduced everyone who joined received $1,000 to kickstart their fund. On top of that was the $1040 per annum from the government. To receive this investors had to have invested at least $1,040 to receive the full amount. In other words, the government will match your contribution dollar for dollar to a maximum of $1,040.

However, The National Finance MInister Bill English removed the $1,000 kick start and halved the $1,040 annual contribution to $520 to balance the books during the Global Financial Crisis. (GFC)

Kiwisaver is still a fantastic scheme for investing money for your retirement though.

EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS

Your employer contributions to your kiwisaver are 3% of your gross income so with your contributions + government contributions + employer contributions you will be left with a tidy sum on reaching the retirement age of 65 (New Zealand).

FEATURES AND BENEFITS

There are so many features and benefits of joining kiwisaver and it is important to distinguish between the two.

Feature is your money is locked in until you reach the age of 65

Benefit is you will have a pot of money ready for you when you retire.

50% RETURN ON YOUR MONEY

Depositing $1,040 into your kiwisaver every year in order to receive the full $520 is the same as receiving 50% on your investment for the first year; this is tax-free which makes joining kiwisaver a no-brainer.

OTHER BENEFITS

Another benefit of joining kiwisaver is that if you were to have investments and you end up on a government benefit, the interest earned on your money counts as income for assessing your entitlements. You are allowed to earn up to $160 (gross) before your government benefit is affected. 

This is not applicable to those on Super which is the name for New Zealand’s pension. Those on a pension are allowed to earn as much as they like and their pension is unaffected. (Super is short for Superannuation)

WILLS

It is important to have a will otherwise legal expenses could swallow up your estate’s funds including kiwisaver if the unthinkable happens.

SUMMARY

Kiwisaver is a terrific scheme for putting money aside for your latter years. You are encouraged to read more about the scheme by reading books about kiwisaver from your local library or doing some research online. 

www.robertastewart.com

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

Robert A. Stewart has his own website www.robertastewart.com with several articles on personal finance. 

You are welcome to print this off for easier reading. You have permission to use this article as content for your blog, website, or ebook.

 

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The savings habit needs to be taught to youngsters

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BALANCING PRIORITIES

INTRODUCTION

A financial plan needs to be flexible in order to cater for different circumstances. What may work for one person may not be ideal for someone else. There  is a time to save and a time to invest, and a time to spend. 

Keeping a balance on your finances.

Everyone has a plan in place for their finances and if you think this is not true then the saying, “If you fail to plan you plan to fail” rings true.

That means having finances to pay for things which crop up when least expected to. The car breaks down, the laptop plays up, the clothes dryer needs replacing etc. 

A sensible person will make allowances for these types of things and have the money available when these things crop up. 

This is what is known as a rainy day fund. The rainy day fund is usually in a low risk low interest everyday account. The reason for this is because if you invested your rainy day fund in shares then the day you need top use the money will be the day the markets have taken a dive.

Your age and health are important factors in your financial planning. If you are in your sixties then you are not likely to make plans with a thirty year time frame as would be the case with someone who is in their twenties. 

Health is another factor. If your health is such that you may have say less than ten years ro live then again, your mindset in terms of financial planning will be different from that of a person who has no health issues to worry about.

Young people have the advantage of time on their side and therefore have many options. It is a time to sow into the future for whatever is sown during a youngster’s teens and twenties will reap a harvest in decades to come.

As far as finances go it is a time to lay a financial platform for the future. Joining a retirement scheme of some kind is imperative. I think it is fair to say that most countries do have a retirement fund of some kind.

If you are participating in sport then my advice is to enjoy every moment of it because there will be a time when you will not be as strong, as fast, or as agile as you used to be so make the most of what you have and don’t die wondering what might have been.

I have been involved in athletics in the past. I have fond memories of competing in the running races at the Scottish HIghland games. It is a beautiful part of the world.

It costs money to travel, play sport, or to do whatever activity you are involved in so priorities differ from one person to the next. There is no one size that fits everyone.

But what if you have health issues that mean your life expectancy is only 5-10 more years?

If that is the case then you need to make the most of what time you have left and that is not to say that someone who is young should waste their time.

My father sold some land for 30k during the mid 1970s. He used it for various projects around the home but invested most of it. He was sick and died some eight years after he sold that piece of land. A new sleepout and small swimming pool being the main projects. We all helped with the projects.

I can understand why someone who has health issues is keen to tick off items on their bucket list and not just spend their time in an undertaker’s waiting room. 

Everyone is to their own as they say and it is up to everyone to do what is right for them.

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

You are free to use this article for your blog or website, or as content for your ebook. Check out my blog www.robertastewart.com

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NICHE MARKETING

Finding your niche

Finding your niche is exploiting your passions. Work on your passions and you never need to work another day in your life.

Find a person involved in a passion and you will find a person who always has something to look forward to come Fridays. 

I know men who love deer stalking, fishing, farming, gardening, carpentry, and playing sports. All of these activities are considered hard work to someone who does not share these passions. It is important to enjoy what you do in order to live your best life.

As a school kid, I had lots of interests, one of my hobbies was stamp collecting. At one point I was obsessed with collecting stamps. I used to buy them from the local stationary shop. I also had several other interests later on such as collecting comic books, athletics, and more.

It is easy to get a person to open up when they are talking about their hobbies even when they are naturally shy. Nothing brings a person out of their shell more than a conversation about their passion.

Dale Carnegie, author of the book, “How to Win Friends & Influence People,” writes, “Always talk in terms of the other person’s interests.”

How does this apply to marketing?

If you are promoting a product or service you are passionate about then your enthusiasm will be evident to customers. In order to sell you must be sold on the products or services yourself.

You cannot convince others of the benefits of whatever you are selling unless you are sold on the products yourself.

As a kid growing up some of the kids I used to hang out with loved fishing, something which I found quite boring. Another kid loved building stuff but carpentry is not my thing and I found that uninspiring. One thing I did enjoy at that time was possum trapping. We used to trap possums in the bush and sell the fir.

Make a list of all your interests/hobbies and all of the things you are good at (your skills). This will give you a starting point as to which programs to promote.

Then next go to sites such as clickbank or shareasale and join if you are not already registered. Once you have registered then you will be able to find products in your favoured niche to promote.

How to promote your chosen products is another matter altogether; fortunately a man named John Crestani has developed a system for making money on the internet. You can check it out here:

http://bit.ly/3uQXf7I

Below: possum trapping was popular with the kids when we were at school. (In NZ)

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How to quickly grow on Instagram in 5 steps

This FREE guide will teach you how to grow on Instagram in 5 steps.

1-Plan out your content strategy

You most likely definitely realize it’s insufficient to post a couple of photos or videos and trust that the crowd will come surging in. 

Rather, you need a substance methology.

Simply like you would for your marketing campaigns.

Here are a few specific guidelines for Instagram:

*Research the best posts in your industry and track your competitors.

2-Use Branded Hashtags.

As a brand on social media you need some form of marketability. It’s a thin line between promotion and resourcefulness. To avoid being overly promotional but still market your brand, consider branded Instagram hashtags. An important stat to know is that seven out of ten Instagram hashtags are branded.

3-Use some of the best growth tools (Shortcut to fast growth)

As someone that is running an online business and trying to grow on Instagram, you will need someone to manage your account.

This tool will not only manage your account but it will also help you grow your audience on Instagram and get more real, organic followers.

Less work, more growth.

You can check my #1 recommended growth tool for Instagram by clicking here https://www.combin.com?fp_ref=robert56 (300% faster growth on Instagram is what this tool will do for you?)

*It will get you more followers. How?

Your account picks up real organic followers that like and engages with posts that bring in the best results.

4-Instagram Captions

Instagram captions are essential for a successful account.

They give your audience everything from context for your products and services to essential calls to action to drive conversion forward. For example; Bucketfeet is a shoe manufacturer that uses Instagram captions to highlight collaborations and new or limited designs.

5-Connect with influences

As we previously mentioned, many brands incorporate user-generated content with users, collaborate on content and promote one anothers Instagram. But these people don’t need one million users, or have to be a celebrity to help you gain more exposure.

It’s smart to nurture and value your connections because just like your audience, influences deal with robotic messages all the time. Try to build real relationships by meeting up at industry events or asking to host joint webinars…..

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Investing mistakes

He who never made a mistake…

never made anything.

You could read all you can about the sharemarket but investors will from time to time go against their better judgement and invest in something because of greed or it is something they are interested in. I have lost money in the past from some of my investments.

Here is a sample:

Air New Zealand (early 2000s)

This company I thought was a reasonably safe investment. Air New Zealand was once owned by the government but it was privatised during the late 1980s or 90s. However, the company almost went under during 2001 I think it was when their shares dropped to 14 cents each from about $1.50. The government bailed them out and still owns about 51% of the company. During covid, the government bailed them out again after the border closures placed them in a financially precarious situation.

Lombard Finance L.T.D

This was one of those finance companies which offered higher interest rates than the banks for fixed term accounts. Lombard as it turned out had too much money tied up in too few projects and when one of their creditors folded it brought Lombard down with them. It lent money to property developers. Lombard Finance collapsed in 2008

Provincial Finance L.T.D

This company lent money for consumerable items such as cars etc. It, like Lombard, offered higher interest rates for fixed term than the high street banks. It was also a victim of the Global Financial Crisis.

Dominion Finance L.T.D

Another finance company which fell victim to the Global Financial Crisis. It too offered higher fixed term rates than the banks were offering.

Must be a lesson there somewhere.

These were by no means the only finance companies which went belly up during the G.F.C; South Canterbury Finance and Hanover Finance were high profile collapses. 

Some investors lost their life savings in Hanover FInance. 

That is a classic case of putting all your eggs in the one basket; a crucial mistake which affected how some folk will live during their retirement years. 

Greed sometimes over rules better judgment.

We sometimes hear stories of young folk who have bought xxx stock in xxx company which has risen in value by a ridiculous amount. This type of rise is not sustainable and it is only a matter of time before the rising share value slows or in some cases takes a spectacular dive. 

I mentioned young folk because they do not have the past experience of older investors.

It has to be said that those who have made the most investment mistakes are likely to be in a better financial situation than those who played it safe all their lives and just kept their money in low interest accounts. Certainly better than those who are spenders rather than savers.

The bottom line is that it pays to diversify and spread your risk but the level of risk one takes is dependent on a person’s age because younger people have more time to recover from financial mistakes.

A lot of people cannot stomach the thought of losing a few grand on their investments yet would have problem frittering that money on lottery tickets, cigarettes, or booze. In order to achieve more favourable financial outcomes it is important to do a stock take of your outgoings (spending) and transfer money which would otherwise have been wasted into something more profitable. This could be starting an internet-based business, investments, or upskilling.

This article is the result of the writer’s experience and opinion and not considered as financial advice. If you require qualified financial advice see your bank manager or financial advisor.

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AVOIDING DUMB DEBT

The quickest way to a financial mess is to borrow for stuff that loses its value. You not only pay more for such items but the item is worth less than when you acquired it because it is no longer new once you take possession of it and therefore you will receive less than what you paid for it. This is called “Dumb Debt.”

Avoiding Dumb Debt at all costs

Everyone has seen the television commercials with slogans such as “Buy now pay later,” and the like.

you do not need to save your money to buy that new car, a wide screen TV, that latest smartphone, or a holiday on a tropical island when you can have all these things now. 

Instant gratification is a very expensive habit; one that will lead you to a life of financial challenges.

There have been misleading statements in some of the advertising; one I saw read, “Helping you to get ahead.”

That kind of slogan suggests that  the finance company is doing borrowers a favour which is far from the truth.

Loan sharks and finance companies thrive on financial ignorance; a person with even a basic grounding in personal finance will avoid loan sharks as if they had tested positive for covid.

One should ascertain whether the item is a want or a need before signing on the dotted line. 

Many people go into debt because they want to live a champagne lifestyle on a lemonade budget just to impress their friends. They are not happy with living modestly. 

An expensive lifestyle is costly in the long run. 

The parable of the prodigal son is a perfect example. Here was a young man who blew his inheritance on wasteful living and ended up living in poverty due to his lifestyle.

He not only blew his inheritance but was most likely living on credit.

It is borrowing that really kills off a person’s chances of financial success. That interest rate is dead money; it is the cost of borrowing.

Paying interest on stuff you have bought on credit adds to the cost of it and the value of a lot of stuff bought on credit is worth less as soon as you take possession of it.

“If you don’t have the money you don’t buy it,” is a simple philosophy to adopt.

What you think you cannot live without is something others have learned to live without. 

It all comes down to the choices we make.

There are some circumstances when it may be wise to borrow such as when the value of the item you are purchasing is going to make it financially worthwhile such as a student loan. This may or may not mean you will get a good paying job but you must be absolutely clear that it is what you want to do otherwise the course will be a total waste of money.

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

Feel free to use this article as content for your website, blog, or ebook. Check out my other articles on www.robertastewart.com