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4 Keys to Financial Success

 

There are rules to getting the most out of your money and these rules apply to everybody irrespective of your personal circumstances, stage of life, or goals. They are basic common sense.

  1. Live within your means

This is the most basic money management rule. If you do not follow this rule then you are going to struggle to get ahead financially. There are several reasons why people do not live within their means. The main ones are:

(a) Their income does not match their lifestyle

Some people have a lifestyle which is not compatible with their income level and so they overspend or they spend everything they earn with the result that there is nothing to show for their labours. The easy solution is to be more modest in your lifestyle choice. Cutting out things which do not add any kind of value to your life.

(b) Easy access to credit

Easy access for credit has enabled people to bury their heads in the sand rather than confront their financial issues. After all, if you want something then just put it on the plastic. There is a cost to all of this credit and it is called “Interest.”

(c) Lack of self control

Lack of self control is the main factor why people do not live within their means. Being able to say “No” to things you want will stand you in good stead. 

  1. Save

The habit of saving is a habit which will open doors for you as far as being able to afford things. It means that you do not have to borrow money for basic household appliances or a motor vehicle if one is needed. The money saved by not paying interest on these things add up to a fortune during one’s lifetime.

  1. Invest

Investing your money will enable your wealth to grow. Today, there are so many opportunities for those of modest means to invest with so many online investing platforms available. Sharesies and Hatch are excellent online platforms where investors can drip feed money into the share market. Most people in New Zealand have money invested in Kiwisaver. This is New Zealand’s retirement scheme. The annual tax credit and the employer contributions make this the best way of saving for your retirement. Even if these incentives were not available, Kiwisaver would still be a brilliant scheme even without the government money and employer contributions, because funds are locked up until you reach the retirement age of 65.

  1. Make right choices

It is important to make the right choices in order to live a more prosperous life. If you are on the minimum wage then your options are limited as far as what you can afford and the choice to get married, have kids, or buy a car is among those choices which cannot be taken lightly. It is all about making choices which align with your income level and your goals.

I am not saying that you should not get involved with someone if you are on a low income, but rather make sure that you are in a good financial position before you make major life decisions.

About this article

The information in this article is of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website or ebook.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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What should you do with an unexpected windfall

Written by R. A. Stewart

If you have suddenly come into a lot of money such as from an inheritance or a lottery win then the first thing you need to do is to get financial advice. This is certainly applicable to those who have no experience at investing. A financial advisor will also advise you of the taxation issues.

There are some basic rules to making the most of your windfall which I am going to share with you.

Rule number one: Know where you are going

If you have no clue as to what your plans are for the future then you are likely to fritter away your windfall with the result that you have nothing to show for it. I have seen it happen! Financial planning requires vision. Making provision for the future is the sensible and the responsible thing to do. It will make life easier knowing that you have the funds available when some unexpected bill crops up. 

A financial advisor needs to know what your intentions are with your windfall before they can help you. It is advisable to sit down with a pen and paper and write out your plans for the future. 

Rule number two: Get financially educated

Lack of financial literacy is the most common reason for poor financial outcomes. With so much information on personal finance available there is no excuse for financial ignorance. Books written by New Zealand financial advisors such as Frances Cook, Mary Holm, and Martin Hawes are worth reading. Your local library may have one of their books available.

Improving your financial literacy will enable you to make more informed choices when it comes to investing your money.

Rule number three: Know the risks

When there is an opportunity to make a capital gain there is also the chance that you may make a capital loss, but calculated risks must be taken with your money in order to put it to work. The key is to take risks which are compatible with your time frame. The longer your time frame the more risk you can take on. Having said that, it does not mean retired people should not invest aggressively in growth funds if they understand that a market meltdown will result in their portfolio taking a hit.

Rule number four: Take responsibility

It is up to you to take responsibility for your choices. This also means not blaming others when your investments are not performing up to expectations. It is also up to you to take responsibility for your own mistakes and learn from them. 

Rule number five: Don’t Leave your money in one place.

Diversify your investments according to your risk profile. This minimizes the chance of losing your money in one hit. This advice is more applicable in the internet age when millions of dollars are lost in banking scams. Don’t leave all of your money in an account which can be easily accessible online. It pays to have an account which is not connected to internet banking. This can be used for depositing large sums of money.

Rule number six: Invest your money

Inflation is the enemy of the conservative investor. Don’t just leave your money in an ordinary savings account; put it to work so that it is making you money. This does not necessarily mean you are taking unnecessary risks with your money. If you have a lot of money to invest there may be a temptation to invest in something offering interest rates at a much higher rate than the banks are offering. Do your due diligence with such offers. The higher interest rates on offer do not always reflect the higher risk which investors are accepting. This was the advice of some financial advisors prior to the Global Financial Crisis of the early 2000s. It fell on death ears as so many got their fingers burned with the collapse of several finance companies in New Zealand.

About this article

The contents of this article are of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website or ebook.

Check out my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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Going for Growth Funds

Going for Growth

Written by R., A. Stewart

Are growth funds appropriate for you?

The only person who can answer that question is you and only you because it is your personal circumstances and your goals which are the factors which determine where to invest your money. Your age, health, and commitments are factors which need to be considered.

Time is the one factor which covers all of the others. How long are you going to be investing this money for? 

There are three categories:

Short-term money. (1 year or less)

Medium-term money. (1-5 years)

Long-term money. 5+ years

If you are saving for something and will not need the money for more than 5 years, this is considered long-term and suitable for investing in growth funds. Just understand that the volatility of the markets will mean that your savings, whether it be for a house deposit or retirement will go up and down. That is the nature of the markets.

Saving for a car, an overseas holiday, or house improvements are goals which are normally achieved within five years. These savings are suitable for balanced funds which are a mixture of growth and conservative funds. Your savings will still bounce up and down but not as much as growth funds. 

These days it is easy to save by drip-feeding money into the markets with online platforms such as sharesies in New Zealand and Australia, Angelone in India,  and Robinhood in the US. If you are not from these countries then it is a good idea to do a google search for one which you can find in your country.

It is important to diversify your portfolio and have a goal for your savings even if it is just to build a portfolio on a shoe-string. Don’t just leave your nephew’s inheritance in a bank account that is easily accessible. Invest it in a fixed term account which cannot be easily accessed. 

Don’t invest all of your life savings in an online investing platform, even if you spread your money around several companies. You do not know what misfortune will hit that particular platform.

If you are saving for a house deposit then it is a good idea to invest the money in a fixed term account until you need the money. It helps develop a good reputation as being responsible with your money.

There are added risks with online banking and investing. The main one being scammers. If your email account was hacked then how safe would your money be? Having your money spread around in different places is better. Many sites ask you to sign up using a google account. You should never use the same google account you use for your banking when doing this. Always set rules which you never break and when you read of someone who has been the victim of a banking/email scam then learn the lesson which you can apply to your own life.

In this day and age of tapping as your payment goes there are dangers involved in this with the main one being that you will lose your card. If that happens then someone may pick it up and use it. Having too much money in the account which you use for this purpose is just asking for trouble. It is better to keep larger sums of money on another card which you do not carry around everywhere. Imagine if you had over a grand on the debit card which you lost. 

If you have no plans for your money then put it to work, don’t just leave it in an account paying little or no interest. Learn to be an investor and learn to handle the volatility of the markets. There are three sure ways to lose on the share market during the lows.

  1. Change from growth funds to conservative funds
  2. Sell your shares.
  3. Stop contributing to your retirement fund.

The number 1 person will find that the share prices have risen and they have missed out on the rises which would have recouped their losses.

The number 2 person will have sold their shares at a lower price than they would have received if they had waited until the markets recovered.

The number 3 person would have missed out on purchasing shares at a lower price and when the markets recovered they would have seen the value of their shares increase by a fair bit.

About this article

The contents of this article are of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website or ebook. Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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How to set Money Priorities (And stick to them

Written by R. A. Stewart

Being strategic with your money will enable you to make the most of what you have and that means managing your money well; it also means prioritizing what you are going to do with your money.

Having clearly defined goals will enable you to do this but it takes a fair bit of discipline to stick to your plan.

If you are saving for a car then it means giving up stuff which does not add any value to your life. There are worse ways in which you can spend your discretionary dollar than on a vehicle. If you spend it on clubbing every weekend, then you will not have anything to show for the money you have frittered away. At least buying a car will add to your lifestyle.

Keeping pets can be very expensive and can cramp your lifestyle. The cost is not the only issue you have to deal with; if you are away on holiday then there is the issue of who is going to look after your cat or dog.

Then there are vet bills. Some folks are so attached to their cat or dog that they are prepared to spend $1,000 or more on vet bills. This is utter madness and can undermine a person’s financial well-being.

The questions which need to be asked are:

Is this purchase really necessary?

Will this purchase help me to achieve my financial goals?

Is this the best use of my money?

It is worth pointing out that there are some factors which affect your priorities. Some of them are your age, family responsibilities, your health, and your goals.

If you are aged in your sixties, then you are not going to have goals with a thirty-year timeline.

Another thing which should be mentioned is that whatever you are saving for should not be at the expense of your retirement fund. If you get into the habit of putting off retirement contributions after you have saved for whatever it is you are saving for then it will cost you when that time comes and it will surely do. 

Investing helps build your financial literacy. If you are not getting involved in the share market, then you are not gaining investing experience which will help you make better decisions in the future. It is better to make mistakes when you are young and with no commitments because your lifestyle will not be impacted. Not so when you are older when you may have your own family or other commitments.

We all have a choice of how to use our discretionary spending money and by setting goals on where your money is going you will have something to show for your money. It is all matter of prioritising you’re spending.

About this article

The opinions expressed in this article are of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog, website, or ebook. 

Read my other articles at www.robertastewart.com

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Who do you take Money advice from?

Who do you take Money advice from?

Written by R. A. Stewart

Everyone has some form of advice on what you should do with your money. From co-workers and family members to bloggers and those who are qualified to provide financial advice. A lot of people will have some form of opinion on what you should do with your money. So much so that it pays to not speak about your financial affairs with anyone; not that it is any of their business.

There are some red flags to note from any of these so-called financial experts. These red flags are just as applicable to the man in the street as they are to a qualified financial advisor.

Red Flag number one: The advisor has no money

I knew someone who turned a couple of hundred dollars into $6,000, then $10,000, then $20,000, and more. In the early stages when he had $6,000, his colleagues suggested to him that he should get a deposit for a new car with that money. I said “That is the stupidest advice you could ever get because not only will you end up with nothing but you will have a debt.” 

He ignored his colleague’s advice.

I told him that he should at least deposit at least $1040 in his Kiwisaver in order to get the $520 government money in July. I don’t know if he followed that advice.

Red Flag number two: They do not know anything your your personal circumstances

If you receive financial advice from someone who does not know a thing about your financial situation then treat that advice with some kind of scepticism. The advice and acting on it must be based on your personal circumstances and your goals for the future. Your age and health are other factors which have to be taken into account. It is your responsibility to make it known to a financial advisor what your future plans are but that does not mean that you should just reveal all to a random cold caller. Use your discretion and common sense when discussing anything with others. 

Red Flag number three: They advise you to invest your life savings in one company

This is a major red flag! Diversification spreads your risk but plunging all of your money in the one company can lead to financial ruin and affect your lifestyle big time. It may be true that there are some people who made a killing by plunging but it is equally true that a lot of people lost everything they invested. The only reason why a paid financial advisor would tell you to invest all of your money in the one company is that they are more interested in their commission rather than your financial well-being.

Red Flag number four: You are advised to invest in cryptocurrency

This is a major red flag. No one should ever advise you to invest in any kind of cryptocurrency. This is a high risk speculation rather than an investment. Only discretionary spending money should be used for purchasing Bitcoin. If you are young and have no commitments then buying Bitcoin will provide you with a bit of excitement, but it is certainly no substitute for your retirement fund.

Red Flag number five: The advice is unsolicited

If you receive a cold call from someone claiming to be a financial advisor then hang up or delete the email. Tell them that you already have an advisor. Whatever you do, don’t engage with them. If you have responded to anything they have said, then say, “Let me talk to my financial advisor first.”

A typical scammer does not want you to talk to anyone else about their so-called opportunity.

Learn to spot the terminology these scammers use in their correspondence and it will help you to avoid becoming their next victim.

About this article

This article is of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog, website, or ebook. Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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Your investing risk profile and what it is.

Written by R. A. Stewart

Your risk profile is the level of risk you can take with your investments based on your personal circumstances and your timeline.

The number one question to ask before deciding where to invest your money is, “Will the loss of my capital affect my lifestyle?”

Here is an example of how this may occur. 

Suppose you are saving for a car and you decide to use an online investing platform such as sharesies or robinhood to save for that car. You also decide that you will invest your money in growth funds and your savings are going well for a while and just when you are a month away from  purchasing your car, the market takes a dive. (as it has after Trump imposed tariffs on imports).

Your planned purchase of that car now has to be put on hold which has affected your lifestyle.

On the flip side of this is that you can purchase more unit trusts than previously so that when the market rebounds your savings will grow faster.

There are three options when investing in managed funds; growth, balanced, or conservative. 

Growth funds have the most potential to grow your money but they are also the fund with the most risk.

Conservative funds are the safest option but they are also the least profitable.

Balanced funds are a combination of growth funds and conservative funds.

Your risk profile will determine where you are going to invest your money and this is dependent on when you need the money.

This can be classified into any one of three categories:

  1. Long-term money
  2. Medium-term money
  3. Short-term money.

It is possible to fall into more than one category as an investor depending on when you need to access your money.

For example: Your retirement fund if you are young is classed as long-term money, but your rainy day fund is short-term money.

Long-term money is money needed after five years.

Medium-term money is money needed between 1-5 years

Short-term money is money needed within a year.

Long-term money may be money saved for a house-deposit or your retirement.

Medium-term money might be money being saved for an overseas holiday or a vehicle.

Short-term money might be money being reserved for unexpected bills which crop up or an overseas holiday you intend to take within twelve months.

There are so many investing apps available these days that setting something up for a specific savings project is a simple process.

The current share market falls should not be much of a concern to investors who are in the correct type of funds. Your financial plan has to consider the worst case scenario of a share market crash. Hopefully, a 1987 Black Monday type of crash will not happen.

About this article

This article is of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore, discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website/ebook.

Check out my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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3 Things a Financial Advisor should not tell you

3 Things a Financial Advisor should not tell you

Written by R. A. Stewart

Having a financial advisor is one thing but at the end of the day it is you who has to make the decisions of where to invest your money. In other words; you must take full responsibility for your actions. You must also have the ability to discern whether a piece of advice is good, bad, or not applicable to your personal circumstances.

Here are some things a financial advisor should not tell you to do.

  1. Invest in cryptocurrency

Only money that you can fully afford to lose should be invested in bitcoin or other types of cryptocurrency. This is an extremely volatile investment with a short history, therefore it is hard to know where it is heading as far as the price of Bitcoin goes. Anyone who claims to know the future of Bitcoin is probably misleading you. It is likely that they are using data from Bitcoin’s history to predict its future but as they say, “The past is no guarantee of the future.”

Only discretionary spending money should be invested in Bitcoin. It will give you plenty of interest while investments which are for your material goals are growing as you continue to save for whatever it is you are saving for, whether that be a house deposit, car, education, or overseas trip.

  1. Invest your life savings in one company

There is a phrase for this and it is called, “Placing all of your eggs in one basket.” During the Global Financial Crisis of 2007/2008 some New Zealand investors lost their entire life savings after some high profile company collapses. Several finance companies were offering above average interest rates to attract investors and some people let greed get the better of them, but no one would admit to such a sin. Financial advisors who promoted these finance companies were scapegoats. It may be true that it is a mistake to advise someone to invest everything into one company but it is up to each and every investor to take responsibility for their own investment portfolio.

Diversification needs to be part of your financial vocabulary if it already isn’t. Diversification means you invest your money with different companies and across several asset classes. This minimizes risk. Ordinary Mum and Dad investors are able to drip feed small amounts of money into the markets these days with so many online investing platforms available. It is just a matter of choosing one or two of them which fits in with your investing strategy.

  1. Invest in growth funds when you are retired

Investing in growth funds is okay when time is your friend but not when it is your enemy because a market slump can affect your lifestyle if you are retired. This is because retired people are in the spending phase of their life and if the value of your portfolio is down when you need the money then you are accepting a loss. The young ones, however, do not need to panic because they have time on their side and do not need the money in a hurry. By the time they themselves retire the market will have had it’s ups and downs.

I am not saying that you should not have anything invested in growth funds if you are retired, but rather, it should not be money which you can ill afford to lose. It all boils down to how soon you may need the money keeping in mind that time is not your friend.

About this article

The information in this article may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website or ebook. 

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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Join sharesies here: https://sharesies.nz/r/377DFM

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3 Reasons why people do not get ahead

3 Reasons why people do not get ahead

Written by R. A., Stewart

We have heard the term “Cost of living crisis” a lot in the past few years with people struggling to make ends meet. The government is often made the scapegoat for all of this; whether it is the government’s fault or not,  taking responsibility for your own money management and the choices you  have made is the only way you will get ahead in life. There are three main reasons why people do not get ahead. Each one is explained further. I have written this with the intention of not mincing my words.

  1. Lack of vision

Life is for living but it is not cheap. Whether you are buying a car, enrolling for further information, getting married, having kids, taking out a mortgage, or retiring, being prepared financially for all of life’s stages requires saving. Having the vision to prepare for all of this will enable you to cope with the expense. A person without vision will spend their money as if there is no tomorrow. Living from one payday till the next without any thought for the future. This kind of attitude will lead you to the poorhouse.

  1. Lack of planning

“If you fail to plan you plan to fail,” as the saying goes. Making a plan for your money and putting it to work for you requires vision and discipline. It will help you to get the most out of your money. You need to decide what you are saving for and deposit that money in the appropriate account. A person without a plan is like a person on a life raft; they will go wherever the waves take them. They will spend everything they have then when some unexpected bill crops up they will borrow the money and put it on the credit card. There is a cost to this and it is called interest. 

  1. Lack of financial literacy

This has to be the number one reason why people have poor financial outcomes. A person with no financial literacy will make poor financial choices which eventually lead to poverty. Getting paid more is not a solution to poor money management skills. Getting financial education is easy and you don’t have to spend a fortune on books; your local library will have books on budgeting and investing. You will be able to find such books at your local charity store for a couple of dollars.

About this article

You may use this article as content for your blog or website. The opinions expressed are of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore, discretion is advised.

www.robertastewart.com

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Book Review: The Barefoot Investor

Book Review: The Barefoot Investor

Written by R. A. Stewart

A personal finance book which is worth a read is “The Barefoot Investor” by Scott Pape. This book is practical and down to earth. It is written in a way that is easily understood.

Some of the things covered are strategies for using your money  to grow your long-term wealth, having a safety net, and having some splurge money, or as it is often called, “discretionary spending money.”

These three types of money are what he describes as buckets.

Another section of the book explains the mistakes made by home buyers; they are:

1.They are waiting for a crash

  1. They rent but forget to save
  2. They buy a house they cannot afford
  3. They buy an investment property first.
  4. They don’t consider other options.

You cannot plan your life around something which you have no control over, the author says in reference to number one. Various websites publish articles about the crash which is about to hit the housing market. Pape claims this to be clickbait to attract visitors to their websites.

Mistake number two is renting but forgetting to save. Such people live from one payday till the next and have nothing to show for their labours.

Many people who did have the self-discipline to save make the mistake of buying a house they can’t afford, and then to compound their financial struggles, kids come along. Such people are sometimes referred to as “The Squeezed Middle.”

Buying an investment property first with the intention of moving in later on. The advice given in the book is, if you want a family home, to save up and purchase one.

People who have given up the notion of purchasing their own home sometimes lose heart and instead of saving money will instead fritter it away so that they have nothing to show for their labours.

Scott Pape writes in a down to early style which makes the book easy to understand, making finance less intimidating for beginners. 

A feature of the book is that Pape encourages everyone to have a healthy relationship with money which does not mean living in deprivation. 

The book focuses on Australian financial systems and this has to be adapted to your own country’s local context.

If you want to improve your financial literacy you will enjoy reading Barefoot Investor; this book will steer on to the right path toward a more successful future.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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What does your Financial Future look like?

Written by R. A. Stewart

Your future is fully dependent on today’s actions. As far as finance is concerned, it is important to know where you are going and decide on a strategy to get ahead in life. You may be working at a minimum wage job doing menial tasks but you can still develop a plan for your financial future. It is not how much you make but what you do with what you receive in your paypacket that counts.

Look at everything you spend and take a long term view of it. I know some people who take lottery tickets every week. If you are just taking the basic ticket for a power ball, it costs $12. That is around $600 per annum.Think of what can be done with that.

Take a moment to think, “What can I do today that my future self will thank me for?

I can tell you now, that there will be no one who will reach the retirement age and regret that they contributed to a retirement scheme all their lives.

It is the same with financial education. It will enable you to make the best choices for your money. Financially illiterate people tend to fritter their money away on things and then when the car breaks down there is nothing in the kitty to fix it. No one is going to regret that they gained a financial education.

You don’t have to be rich to invest, but you have to invest to become rich. Most people think, “I will do this or that when my ship comes in,” but that day never arrives. 

Building a solid financial base requires planning. Joining a retirement scheme is a must. Developing the saving habit is important. The sooner the better. It will then make life easier further on down the track.

Young people have the advantage of time on their side. This means that there is more time for them to recover from a financial hiccup such as a share market meltdown. Financial experts advise the older generation, particularly, the retired ones to be more conservative with their investments. This means taking on less risk. New Zealand financial advisor Frances Cook has a formula for working out how much investors should have in the share market. She says, “Subtract your age from 100”, so a 65 year old, according to her formula should only have 35% of their savings in the share market.

I do know of older people who have a much higher percentage of money in the markets than they should do according to Ms Cook’s formula. I am one of them.

As long as one knows the risks that they are taking on and will take responsibility for any losses that may occur instead of pointing the finger at others when something goes wrong, then why not go for it?

The main thing to remember is that if the loss of your money is not going to cause you any hardship, then by all means take some calculated risks.

Everyone has their own personal circumstances as far as finances go; there is no one size fits all. It is a matter of deciding what your priorities are and what you are going to sacrifice. 

About this article: This article is of the experience and opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances therefore discretion is advised. You may use the article as content for your ebook or blog.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com