Dead Money will cost you

What is dead money?

Written by R. A. Stewart

 

What is dead money?

It is money which is spent on something which does not provide anything of value to you.

Interest paid on consumer debt falls into this category. It is dead money because interest does not provide any tangible value to you. Some may argue that interest paid on a mortgage on a property provides some value because the value of the property increases at a greater rate than the interest on the mortgage.

A fair point but falling house prices have meant that some houses have negative equity on them. All the more reason for you to reduce that mortgage as quickly as possible, more so when the mortgage interest rate is low.

Dead money can also be money which is locked away in an investment for very little return. An example of this is money just simply left in a savings account for a period of time. Inflation and the tax payable on the paltry interest means that your money is losing its value over a period of time. The only money which is left in an account such as this is money which is needed in the short term.

Just stuffing your money under the mattress is another form of dead money for the same reason as leaving it in a low interest account and this is because it is not earning any money.

If you think that just leaving money lying around is foolish enough most people own stuff which is worth money and if this was sold the money could be earning an income through shares or other investments. Most people own stuff which can be converted back into cash and put to work for them. Anything which is no longer needed and is just gathering dust fits this category.

It is important to know the difference between an asset and a liability. An asset increases your wealth but a liability is a drain on your finances.

Some investors consider the equity in their home as “dead money”. It all depends on where you are coming from because there is a clear choice between having equity in your home or having a debt. I recall someone told me years ago that he knew someone who took out a mortgage on his home to purchase shares then Black Monday took place. For younger people, the 1987 sharemarket crash which occurred during October of that year was named “Black Monday.”

After the crash his shares were worth a lot less than the loans owing on them. 

At the end of the day that is the risk with investing for capital gain and investors must weigh up the risks of losing their capital against the likely rewards. 

If you have some spare cash lying about doing nothing and you are wondering whether or not you should invest it in something risky but has the potential to grow the one question you should be asking is “What is this money for?”

Only then will you know whether this is money you should be taking risks with.

About this article

This article is the opinion of the writer and may not necessarily be applicable to your personal circumstances therefore caution is advised. You are welcome to use this article as content for your website/blog or ebook. Feel free to share this article.

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7 Differences between a good and bad money manager

7 Differences between a good and bad money manager

Written by R. A. Stewart

The only reason why there are different outcomes in life is because people make different choices.  Therefore if you want to change a particular outcome you need to make different choices. The earlier in life that you start to make good choices the better your life will turn out to be.

Here are seven differences between a good money manager and a bad money manager. 

A good money manager will:

  1. Save something from their pay packet while a bad money manager will spend everything so that they have nothing to show from their labours. Saving a portion of what you make will make your life easier in the long term because you will have something to fall back on when some unexpected bill crops up.
  2. Invest their money while a bad money manager just leaves their money in an ordinary savings account waiting for it to be spent. A good money manager develops their financial literacy by participating in the markets while investing. There is a cost to ignorance and this is true with matters of personal finance.

a bad money manager remains financially dumb because they do not improve their financial literacy by participating in the markets.

  1. Read books on money management and personal finance. A good money manager will improve their financial literacy by reading books on personal finance. A bad money manager remains financially dumb because they do not improve their financial literacy by participating in the markets.
  2. Learn from their mistakes. A good money manager will acknowledge their mistakes and learn from them. A bad money manager will not acknowledge their mistakes and will repeat them over and over again.
  3. Have a vision. Good money managers have a plan for the future. A bad money manager looks no further than the next payday. Having a vision means that you are prepared for unexpected expenses when they crop up. Having a separate account for emergencies is an example of this. This is often referred to as a rainy day fund.
  4. Take responsibility for their decisions and do not blame others for their mistakes.

Some people make it a habit to blame others when things don’t go well for them as is often the case in life. They will ask others for advice and when they follow it there will be someone to blame if an investment does poorly.

  1. Make wise choices.

This is not necessarily in relation to what someone does with their money but major life decisions such as the decision to have kids and how many kids to have and what to spend their money on. Rich people use their discretionary money to build their wealth while poor people fritter their money away on consumables. The only way to build your wealth is to spend less than you earn and invest the surplus. This is a simple formula which has made others wealthy. 

About this article: You may use this article as content for your blog or website. Visit my site www.robertastewart.com for other articles.

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How to Fight High Grocery Prices

How to Fight High Grocery Prices

In recent years, grocery prices have been rising steadily, squeezing household budgets and forcing families to find creative ways to make ends meet. The reasons for these price hikes are varied, from global supply chain disruptions to inflation and changes in consumer demand. Regardless of the cause, there are practical strategies that anyone can use to reduce their grocery bill without sacrificing quality or nutrition. In this article, we’ll explore several effective ways to fight high grocery prices.

1. Create a Budget and Stick to It

The first step to controlling grocery spending is to set a budget. It’s easy to overspend when you don’t have a clear plan for how much you can afford. Start by reviewing your monthly income and expenses to determine a reasonable amount for groceries. Be realistic, but also challenge yourself to spend less than you normally would. Once you’ve established your budget, stick to it as closely as possible. Keeping track of your spending will help you stay accountable and allow you to make adjustments as needed.

2. Meal Planning and Batch Cooking

Meal planning is one of the most powerful tools in fighting high grocery costs. Plan out your meals for the week before heading to the store. Focus on recipes that use similar ingredients, so you can buy in bulk and avoid wasting food. This also prevents impulse purchases and last-minute takeout, both of which can strain your budget.

Batch cooking is another strategy to save money and time. By cooking large quantities of food at once and freezing portions for later, you reduce the need for frequent grocery trips and take advantage of bulk buying. For instance, you can prepare a large pot of chili or soup and freeze individual servings for easy meals during the week.

3. Shop Sales and Use Coupons

Taking advantage of sales and using coupons can make a big difference in your grocery bill. Many stores offer weekly deals, which you can find in their flyers or online. Focus on buying items that are on sale, especially non-perishable or freezable products like canned goods, rice, pasta, and frozen vegetables. Stock up when your favorite products are discounted.

Coupons can also be a great tool if used wisely. Many grocery stores have loyalty programs or apps that offer digital coupons. Clip the ones that are relevant to your needs and combine them with store sales for maximum savings. However, avoid the temptation to buy something just because you have a coupon if it’s not something you actually need.

4. Buy in Bulk – But Smartly

Buying in bulk can lead to significant savings, especially for pantry staples such as rice, flour, pasta, and canned goods. However, be cautious not to overbuy perishable items that might go bad before you have a chance to use them. Bulk purchasing works best for products with long shelf lives or items you use frequently.

Shopping at warehouse stores like Costco or Sam’s Club can be helpful, but it’s essential to calculate the cost per unit to ensure you’re actually saving money. Sometimes, smaller packages at regular grocery stores on sale may be cheaper than the bulk version at a warehouse.

5. Embrace Store Brands

Store or generic brands often offer the same quality as name brands but at a much lower price. In most cases, the difference in taste or quality between generic and brand-name products is minimal, especially for staples like pasta, rice, canned vegetables, and household supplies. By swapping brand-name products for store brands, you can significantly cut your grocery bill without sacrificing quality.

6. Reduce Food Waste

A staggering amount of food is wasted each year, and reducing food waste can have a direct impact on your grocery costs. To avoid throwing out spoiled food, make an effort to use what you already have before buying more. Leftovers can be repurposed into new meals, and nearly expired fruits and vegetables can be used in soups, smoothies, or baked goods.

Organizing your pantry and refrigerator can also help reduce waste. Keep older items in front so you’ll use them first, and label leftovers with dates so you don’t forget about them.

7. Buy Seasonal and Local

Seasonal produce is typically cheaper than out-of-season options because it’s more abundant. Learn what’s in season in your area and build your meals around those items. Additionally, shopping at local farmers’ markets can often result in lower prices for fresh produce, and you’re supporting local growers in the process.

8. Consider Substitutions

If a recipe calls for a pricey ingredient, consider cheaper alternatives. For instance, if a dish requires fresh herbs, you can use dried herbs or even frozen ones, which are less expensive and have a longer shelf life. Similarly, beans can replace meat in certain recipes, providing protein without the high cost.

Conclusion

Fighting high grocery prices requires planning, discipline, and a willingness to make small changes. By setting a budget, planning meals, shopping smart, and reducing waste, you can significantly cut your grocery expenses. These strategies not only help save money but also promote a more sustainable and mindful approach to grocery shopping, allowing you to navigate rising prices with greater ease.

Www.robertastewart.com

Elder Abuse: what it is

Elder Abuse: what it is

Written by R. A. Stewart

Elder Abuse may be a term you may not have heard of. It is a term that is being used more frequently than in the past so what does it mean?

It is when someone who is of the older generation is being taken advantage of. The abuse may not need to be of a financial nature. As with all kinds of abuse it could come in a number of forms; financial abuse

Not repaying loans

Unauthorised taking of money or other assets

Scams that rely on developing a relationship with the older person with the intention of taking their money and assets. Dating scams is an example of this.

Use of home without contributing to the costs.

Psychological abuse

This comes in many forms and could be threats, intimidation, and hostility.

Control

This can be making decisions on the behalf of the elder person or taking authority over their everyday life.

Isolation

Lack of affection

Ridicule, humiliation, and general put downs.

Physical

Intimidation

Threats of violence

Neglect

This could be neglecting the physical and emotional needs of the person.

Abandonment

This could be someone who is responsible for the care of an older person not fulfilling their obligations.

Many victims of Elder Abuse do not speak about what is happening because they are dependent on others for support. Low self-esteem is another reason why incidents are not reported by victims of elder abuse.

Elder Abuse victims are not necessarily in their eighties or nineties; they could just as easily be in their fifties or sixties and being young does not necessarily mean that you are immune to Elder Abuse. It is not recognised as such in the younger generation.

Those who like to control others will employ the same strategies irrespective of the age of their victims. They will:

  1. Use pets to control others.

Many people in bad relationships stay in the relationships for fear of something happening to their pets. They feel as though they are held hostage and are unable to escape from their situation.

  1. Intimidate their victims

Control Freaks use intimidation as a tool to gain power over others and as a result it leaves victims very down trodden and with a low self-esteem.

  1. Isolate others

Controlling people will isolate others from the outside world leaving them with no means of communication with others. 

  1. Financially controls

Controlling people will keep those that they control financially dependent on them and this makes it hard for victims to leave the situation. 

There are organisations available to help those who are victims of elder abuse. It is just a matter of finding the courage to pick up the phone or to tell someone.

About this article

You may use this article as content for your blog or website. Feel free to share it with others.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

 

“Retire with Little Money” is your practical guide to achieving a comfortable and stress-free retirement on a limited budget. This ebook covers strategies to maximize your savings, reduce living costs, and make the most of available resources. From affordable housing options and healthcare savings tips to part-time income ideas and smart budgeting practices, every chapter is packed with actionable advice. Whether you’re approaching retirement age or just planning ahead, this guide will help you create a lifestyle that balances financial security with the freedom to enjoy your golden years. Embrace retirement confidently, even without a large nest egg!

 

If you enjoyed this article, maybe you will like this ebook, “Retire with little money.” Click on the link below to obtain your copy.

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3 Reasons why people do not get ahead

3 Reasons why people do not get ahead

Written by R. A., Stewart

We have heard the term “Cost of living crisis” a lot in the past few years with people struggling to make ends meet. The government is often made the scapegoat for all of this; whether it is the government’s fault or not,  taking responsibility for your own money management and the choices you  have made is the only way you will get ahead in life. There are three main reasons why people do not get ahead. Each one is explained further. I have written this with the intention of not mincing my words.

  1. Lack of vision

Life is for living but it is not cheap. Whether you are buying a car, enrolling for further information, getting married, having kids, taking out a mortgage, or retiring, being prepared financially for all of life’s stages requires saving. Having the vision to prepare for all of this will enable you to cope with the expense. A person without vision will spend their money as if there is no tomorrow. Living from one payday till the next without any thought for the future. This kind of attitude will lead you to the poorhouse.

  1. Lack of planning

“If you fail to plan you plan to fail,” as the saying goes. Making a plan for your money and putting it to work for you requires vision and discipline. It will help you to get the most out of your money. You need to decide what you are saving for and deposit that money in the appropriate account. A person without a plan is like a person on a life raft; they will go wherever the waves take them. They will spend everything they have then when some unexpected bill crops up they will borrow the money and put it on the credit card. There is a cost to this and it is called interest. 

  1. Lack of financial literacy

This has to be the number one reason why people have poor financial outcomes. A person with no financial literacy will make poor financial choices which eventually lead to poverty. Getting paid more is not a solution to poor money management skills. Getting financial education is easy and you don’t have to spend a fortune on books; your local library will have books on budgeting and investing. You will be able to find such books at your local charity store for a couple of dollars.

About this article

You may use this article as content for your blog or website. The opinions expressed are of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore, discretion is advised.

www.robertastewart.com

Book Review: The Barefoot Investor

Book Review: The Barefoot Investor

Written by R. A. Stewart

A personal finance book which is worth a read is “The Barefoot Investor” by Scott Pape. This book is practical and down to earth. It is written in a way that is easily understood.

Some of the things covered are strategies for using your money  to grow your long-term wealth, having a safety net, and having some splurge money, or as it is often called, “discretionary spending money.”

These three types of money are what he describes as buckets.

Another section of the book explains the mistakes made by home buyers; they are:

1.They are waiting for a crash

  1. They rent but forget to save
  2. They buy a house they cannot afford
  3. They buy an investment property first.
  4. They don’t consider other options.

You cannot plan your life around something which you have no control over, the author says in reference to number one. Various websites publish articles about the crash which is about to hit the housing market. Pape claims this to be clickbait to attract visitors to their websites.

Mistake number two is renting but forgetting to save. Such people live from one payday till the next and have nothing to show for their labours.

Many people who did have the self-discipline to save make the mistake of buying a house they can’t afford, and then to compound their financial struggles, kids come along. Such people are sometimes referred to as “The Squeezed Middle.”

Buying an investment property first with the intention of moving in later on. The advice given in the book is, if you want a family home, to save up and purchase one.

People who have given up the notion of purchasing their own home sometimes lose heart and instead of saving money will instead fritter it away so that they have nothing to show for their labours.

Scott Pape writes in a down to early style which makes the book easy to understand, making finance less intimidating for beginners. 

A feature of the book is that Pape encourages everyone to have a healthy relationship with money which does not mean living in deprivation. 

The book focuses on Australian financial systems and this has to be adapted to your own country’s local context.

If you want to improve your financial literacy you will enjoy reading Barefoot Investor; this book will steer on to the right path toward a more successful future.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

“The Road to Wealth: Crafting Your Personal Money Goals”

How to set money goals

Written by R. A. Stewart

Having a goal for your money is a must if you want to get ahead otherwise you will just simply fritter away your money on useless stuff which does not add value to your life.

Your money fits three descriptions; they are:

Short-term money (12 months or less)

Medium-term money (1-5 years)

Long-term money (6 years+)

Short term money is money you need for the short term. This is money used for emergencies, dental  costs, and every day expenses. It is a good idea to keep a separate account for emergencies. An investment in conservative managed funds if you have easy access to the money when you need it. A separate savings account for this is suitable.

Medium-term money is money needed within 5 years. This could be savings for a car or an overseas  holiday. 

Long-term money is money needed in the long-term. This is money for your retirement or savings for a mortgage.

Where should you invest your money?

Short-term money is best invested in an ordinary savings account where your money is on call, however, an emergency fund could be invested in a conservative managed fund providing you have easy access to your money if and when you need it.

Medium-term money is best invested in a balanced managed fund.

Long-term money is best invested in growth funds.

There is no hard and fast rule as to where you should invest your money; it all depends on your risk profile and whether you have the mental fortitude to ride out the lows of the share market.

The benefits of being a saver and an investor cannot be underestimated. A saver will live within their means and wait until they have saved enough money before making a car purchase.

A spender will have nothing to show for their labours and borrows money for things they need. There is a cost to this and that is interest which means that the spender pays more for stuff they have bought with borrowed money.

Discretionary spending money is a different category of money. It is money which you are free to spend on anything you like. Some investors like to use this to increase their financial portfolio or even to try out some speculative investments such as Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency. 

People who have any kind of debt do not have any discretionary spending money until that debt is paid. Paying off debts is the responsible thing to do.

It is imperative that you manage your money with the future in mind because situations will arise when you will need a large amount of money for things which your next paycheck on its own won’t cover. Ask yourself this question, “What can I do today that my future self will thank me for?”

It is also important to continually gain financial literacy by reading books about financial management and wealth creation, but the best way to gain financial literacy is by investing in the share market. There are several share market investing platforms on the internet which enable ordinary people to drip feed money into the share market or in managed (mutual) funds. 

Don’t be afraid of making mistakes because as the saying goes, “He who never made a mistake never made anything.” Mistakes are just part of the learning process.

About this article

The opinions expressed in this article are of the writer’s own opinion and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised.

You may use this article as content for your blog, website, or ebook.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

“The risks of investing in Bitcoin”

Bitcoin, the world’s first and most popular cryptocurrency, has generated a lot of buzz in recent years. With its decentralized nature, limited supply, and potential to serve as an alternative to traditional currencies, many investors have been drawn to it as an investment opportunity. However, as with any investment, there are risks involved. In this article, we will explore some of the risks associated with investing in Bitcoin.

Volatility: One of the most significant risks associated with Bitcoin is its volatility. The cryptocurrency is known for its wild price swings, which can occur rapidly and without warning. For example, in December 2017, the price of Bitcoin reached an all-time high of almost $20,000, only to plummet to around $3,000 in just over a year. This kind of volatility can make investing in Bitcoin a risky proposition, especially for those who cannot afford to lose money.

Regulatory risk: Another potential risk associated with Bitcoin is regulatory risk. As Bitcoin is not controlled by any government or financial institution, it exists outside of the traditional financial system. This lack of regulation has led to concerns about money laundering, fraud, and other illegal activities. Governments around the world are beginning to take notice of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, with some imposing restrictions or outright bans on their use. If regulators decide to crack down on Bitcoin, it could result in a significant drop in value.

Hacking and security risks: Bitcoin is stored in digital wallets, which are susceptible to hacking and security breaches. There have been numerous high-profile hacks of Bitcoin exchanges and wallets, resulting in the loss of millions of dollars’ worth of Bitcoin. If an investor’s wallet is compromised, they could lose all of their Bitcoin holdings. This risk is especially high for those who store their Bitcoin on exchanges or other third-party platforms.

Liquidity risk: Bitcoin is not as widely accepted as traditional currencies, meaning that it can be difficult to sell large amounts of Bitcoin quickly. This lack of liquidity can be problematic for investors who need to sell their Bitcoin quickly to access cash. Additionally, the decentralized nature of Bitcoin means that there is no central exchange where buyers and sellers can come together to trade Bitcoin, making it harder to find buyers or sellers for large transactions.

Market risk: Like any investment, Bitcoin is subject to market risk. The value of Bitcoin can be influenced by a variety of factors, including supply and demand, investor sentiment, and global economic conditions. If the market turns against Bitcoin, its value could drop significantly.

Ponzi schemes and scams: Bitcoin has been used as the basis for numerous Ponzi schemes and scams, with fraudsters promising high returns for investing in Bitcoin. These scams can be difficult to spot, and investors can lose their entire investment if they fall victim to them.

In conclusion, investing in Bitcoin can be a high-risk, high-reward proposition. While some investors have made significant profits by investing in Bitcoin, there are numerous risks associated with it, including volatility, regulatory risk, hacking and security risks, liquidity risk, market risk, and the potential for Ponzi schemes and scams. As with any investment, it is important to carefully consider these risks before investing in Bitcoin, and to only invest what you can afford to lose. Investors should also take steps to secure their Bitcoin holdings, such as storing their Bitcoin in a hardware wallet rather than on an exchange or other third-party platform.

Despite the risks, many investors believe that Bitcoin has the potential to be a valuable investment over the long term. As the world becomes increasingly digital and decentralized, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies may become more widely accepted as a form of payment, and their value may continue to rise. However, investors should always remember that investing in Bitcoin is not without risk, and they should carefully weigh the potential rewards against the potential risks before making any investment decisions.

Buying bitcoin can seem daunting at first, but with a little research and preparation, the process can be relatively simple. Remember to take your time and choose a reputable exchange and wallet, and be sure to verify your identity before buying. With the right tools and a little bit of knowledge, you can be on your way to owning bitcoin in no time.

Have some spare cash to invest in Bitcoin?

Then check out the coinbase, a well-established crypto-exchange. Coinbase makes it easy to buy and sell bitcoin. Check it out here:

https://coinbase.com/join/gochwv

Things you should do to avoid being scam

Written by R. A. Stewart

Millions of dollars are lost each year to internet scams, there are steps which you can take to avoid becoming the next victim. 

  1. Do not use your main email address you use for your banking to register for a crypto exchange such as Coinbase, blockchain, and kraken.

The reason being that there are so many crypto scams about that you do not want to expose your banking details to these crooks and this is what can occur if they have access to your email address.

  1. Do not sign up for social media or other sites with the same gmail account you use for your banking and cryptocurrency.

This could put your account at risk if you unknowingly sign in to a fake account which has happened. 

  1. Do not sign in to your crypto account using a link in an email. You just do not know who you are dealing with online.
  2. Do not link your savings bank to your debit card on any site.

One person I know did this on a website he bought stuff from. (it was not Ebay, Amazon, or Trademe). What happened was that the website itself was hacked and the scammer had access to his banking details. He saw $3,000 go missing from his savings account.

My advice to him was to never link his savings account to his debit card and to deposit larger sums of money in an account which is not linked to the internet.

  1. Do not use the names of your pets as a password

A scammer can use what they know about you to guess your password and all they need to do is to browse through your social media profile. It is important not to accept just anyone who sends you a friend request.

What you must do

  1. Contact your bank immediately if there is a suspicious transaction on your account.
  2. Change your password if you think it has been compromised
  3. Use two factor authenticator (2FA)
  4. Send all suspicious emails to the junk folder.
  5. Do take responsibility for your mistakes.

Facebook scams

Facebook is being used by scammers to find victims and the most common method is to send friend requests to people. Men, in particular, are targetted; if you are a man and receive a friend request from a young lady, then here are the signs that it is from a scammer;

  1. She only has a few Facebook friends herself.
  2. She is over 30 years younger than you are.
  3. She is scantily dressed.

You can decline such a request and she will be unable to contact you again. Make sure you have your Facebook settings as private so that only your friends can see what you have posted.

Do not even engage in any conversation with these people.

Attention Men: Don’t let Dating Scams Destroy your Retirement Plans 

Attention Men: Don’t let Dating Scams Destroy your Retirement Plans 

Written By R. A. Stewart

Millions of dollars are lost to romance scams every year and the target of these scams are older men. This is understandable, because retired men are likely to have built their assets up by the time they reach a certain age. 

If you are at that age when you are making yourself available for dating, just be careful because not everyone who joins a dating site is looking for romance, some are scammers who are searching for potential victims. 

If you are contacted by a lady who says she is looking for a marriage-minded man then there are some telltale signs which will indicate that she is not who she says she is and rather than finding a place in your heart she has her eye on your bank account.

Here are the main indicators of a scammer:

  1. She is about 30+ years younger than you and claims that age difference does not matter.
  2. She claims she is from a European country and is working in Africa as a nurse or school teacher.
  3. She claims that she is Christian but the contents of her letter/email do not line up with Christian values.
  4. She does not dress modestly (that is putting it mildly)
  5. She asks you for money.

The fifth one is a sure sign that you are dealing with a scammer.

Once she has gained your trust she will then make up excuses for why she needs the money.

This unfortunate lady will create circumstances why she needs the money, here are some:

My late father has died and I have no money to bury him.

My child is sick and I need money for medical expenses.

I need money for the plane ticket to meet you, etc, etc, etc.

Be aware of anyone who tries to make you feel guilty in order to get you to send them money.

If she says, “If you don’t send me money, my child will die.”

What human being wouldn’t want to help someone in this unfortunate situation?

Most people will feel guilty if they do not do as the lady suggests.

She is using what is known as, “Manipulation by guilt.” It is when someone tries to get you to do something by making you feel guilty.

There is one message for all men: “Don’t give in to any kind of emotional blackmail.” 

As far as dating websites are concerned, there is no shortage of options. It is important to choose a site which is based in your own country or at least a country which has laws that protect consumers.

Don’t sign up to any site which asks you to pay to send messages. What you will be doing is communicating with women who are being paid by the site owner to correspond with men.

Losing money to fraud is both emotionally and financially damaging for victims, even more so when someone you thought you could trust is the scammer. Heartless criminals are taking advantage of people looking for a life.

About this article: You may use this article as content for your blog or ebook. Read my other articles  on www.robertastewart.com