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Safety First: How to Protect Your Money from Debit Card Fraud

Debit card dangers

Written by R. A. Stewart

How to make the most of your bank’s debit card.

Having a debit card is a handy banking aid to have at your disposal. If you like buying stuff off the internet then you need some form of visa payment system to allow you to do this. Certainly not owning a debit or credit card in this day and age is a bit like not knowing how to use the internet and I have met a few of those people.

There are some rules which need to be followed if you are to make the most of your debit card.

You may not agree with some of what I am saying here but then again there may be something in this article which may be helpful.

Don’t do these things with your debit card:

  1. Don’t have your pay direct debited into your debit card.

If you do this then you are asking for trouble especially if you are buying and selling online because these sites will have your card details and all it would take is for one of these sites to be hacked leaving your card details to be exposed to fraudsters. I use my debit card for online purchases only. I deposit money into my debit card from my personal savings account. 

  1. Don’t use your debit card as a way to save money for your holiday, car, or anything else.

The most obvious reason for this is that your money is not earning any interest. There are better options available for investing your savings such as a personal savings account if the money may be needed within twelve months or an online share market platform such as sharesies or robinhood if you are investing for a longer term.

  1. Don’t leave your debit card lying around where anyone can pick it up.

This is the same as leaving your household keys lying about. If you are just using your debit card to make online purchases only then there is no reason to carry it around with you. Leave it in a safe place at home.

Contact your bank if you notice any deductions on your statement which you never made.

They will then cancel your card and order a new one for you. Take some form of ID with you when you do this.

I knew a lad who had $3,000 missing from his savings account so he contacted his bank. This lad had his debit card linked to his ordinary savings account on one of those overseas websites where you buy stuff. (It was not ebay). What they discovered was that the website was hacked which meant that his account details was exposed. 

In the end, the bank refunded his money. 

I told him that he was better off depositing a lump sum into an account which is not linked to internet banking.

Here are other ways of getting the most out of  your debit card

  1. When using your debit card at the checkout at a retail store choose “cashback” instead of visiting an ATM machine to avoid fees.
  2. Utilize app features to lock your card if it is stolen or lost to temporarily block certain transactions from taking place.
  3. For overseas travel use the wise debit card to minimize high foreign exchange fees which would have otherwise be charged on your bank’s debit card.

About this article

The article is of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. 

You may use this article as content for your  blog/website or ebook.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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Invest and Forget

Invest and Forget

Written by R. A. Stewart

I know a couple of people who have money invested in the share market and keep track of how their investments are going by checking up on their shares online just about everyday. I told them that I just invest in such and such and then just forget about them. 

For me, there is no point in worrying about how your share portfolio is going because what the markets are doing is out of my control.

If you have chosen where to invest your money and it is in line with your values, your goals, and your risk profile then what the markets are doing should not be a concern for you.

Financial experts will tell you that if you are investing for the long-term, 10 years plus, you should be a little more aggressive with your investing.

Some investors get panicky when the markets are down and shift funds. Then what happens next is that they miss out on the gains which would regained their previous losses, if you can call it that, because these are just paper losses. They are temporary, but if you decide to sell when your shares are down or switch to conservative funds then these losses are locked in.

Some investors change fund managers because their funds are not doing well. It is worth noting that past record is no guarantee of future performance, so even if a particular fund manager out performed all others this year it does not necessarily mean that they will continue this trend.

If you have chosen which fund type to invest in then how the markets are performing should not be an issue.

Your savings goals can be categorised in one of three goals; they are:

Long-term goals

Medium term goals

Short term goals

Long-term goals are money which is not needed for 5 years+. Retirement savings and house deposit savings are examples of long-term goals.

Medium-term goals are money not needed for 1-5 years. Saving for a car or the trip of a life-time fall into this category.

Short-term goals are money needed within 12 months. This could be your emergency fund set up for unexpected expenses such as an appliance or car breaking down. School expenses, etc.

There is no one shoe which fits everyone, therefore it is up to each individual or couple to set up their own financial plan according to their goals and personal circumstances.

Which funds are best for you?

There are three types of funds to choose from when you invest in a managed fund, also called mutual funds. They are:

Growth funds

Balanced funds

Conservative funds.

Growth funds have the most potential to grow your wealth but are the riskiest. They are for long-term investing. It is suitable for young people because they have more time to recover from a market meltdown.

Balanced funds are a combination of growth and conservative funds. They have the potential to grow your funds but are not as risky as growth funds. 

Conservative funds are safer than growth and balanced funds but are not as profitable. They are more suitable for short and medium-term investing depending on how much risk you are prepared to take on.

Once you have chosen where to invest your money, you should just get on with your life and turn your attention to other things. In other words, “Invest and Forget,” because what happens in the money markets is out of your control.

About this article

This article is of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your website/blog or ebook.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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How Sharesies is turning ordinary people into Investors

How Sharesies is turning ordinary people into Investors

Written by R. A. Stewart

When I was young there were limited opportunities to get involved in the share market. You had to save up a certain amount of money and invest it in your chosen company. In order to diversify you had to repeat that same saving up then investing process several times.

Then came managed funds where your money was combined with other investors which enabled you to have a diversified portfolio. Not only that but you have the opportunity to choose a fund according to the level of risk you are willing to take, whether it be growth funds, balanced funds, or conservative funds.

80% of Sharesies investors are under 40. There are benefits to getting involved in the markets from a young age. They are:

  1. Young people have time on their side and therefore are able to be more aggressive with their money by investing in growth funds.
  2. Young people have more time to recover from market meltdowns. The Share market is a long term game worth taking on board.
  3. Investing from a young age will increase an investor’s financial literacy and this is an experience which they can take with them into the future.
  4. Young people do not have as many commitments so have more discretionary money to invest into the markets.

If there is one habit which should be developed from a young age it is the habit of saving and investing. Making provision for your future needs is the responsible and mature thing to do. Indeed, it is a red flag when a potential life partner pays no attention to monetary matters. As they say, “Most marriages which fail, do because of financial issues.”

People do not change their spots overnight. If they give that appearance, it will only last until they have you and then he or she will revert to their old habits.

Now and again there will be a financial guru who claims that they made a killing on the share market and are willing to share their secret with you. What generally happens is that the person who made the killing will try to repeat the effort and end up losing their gains and a lot more. Then there is the fact that for every person who made the killing, a lot more tried the same thing and lost all of their money.

Experience will give you the wisdom to know when to take what someone has said with a grain of salt. 

Never allow the fear of making a mistake prevent you from investing. It is better than you making your mistakes when you are young because they will not affect you as much as when you are older and have more commitments.

As for Sharesies, I treat it as another string to my financial bow. Here is my strategy. I choose one New Zealand company to invest in per year and drip-feed money into this company every year. Some of the companies I have on Sharesies are Spark, Genesis Energy, Fletcher, PGG Wrightson, Fonterra, and Contact Energy. I have not decided on which company to invest in 2026.

Invest according to your own personal goals and circumstances and not what others are doing. It is your responsibility to set out your finances according to your goals and not what others suggest you should do with your money.

There are some great books on personal finance available. Frances Cook and Mary Holm are two New Zealand authors whose books are worth reading so if you can obtain a copy of their books then it will steer you in the right direction.

All the best with your investing.

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

The content of this article is of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your website/blog or ebook.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

Start investing on a shoestring

Sharesies makes it possible for anyone to get into buying and selling shares. It is an online share market platform where you have the option of purchasing shares in individual companies or in various funds (managed/mutual funds). You can even start with $5. This is a no brainer because it gives investors young and not so young the chance to improve their financial literacy. There is certainly no substitute for experience when it comes to learning and this is applicable to everything else, not just investing.

Join sharesies here: https://sharesies.nz/r/377DFM

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Tailoring Personal Finance to Your Risk Profile and Goals

Financial planning for your personal circumstances

Written by R. A. Stewart

“No one shoe fits all sizes” is a saying which is applicable to financial planning. No two people are the same. Personal finance needs to be tailored to one’s personal circumstances.

There are several factors which need to be taken into account when deciding what to do with your money. The one factor which covers all of your circumstances can be summed up in two words, “Risk Profile.’

Your risk profile is the amount of risk which you can comfortably cope with. “If there is a financial meltdown, would it affect your lifestyle?” is a question which needs to be asked, before you commit to investing in such and such.

Your timeline is one of the factors which make up your risk profile. The longer your timeline, the more time you have to recover from a market meltdown. When you are young you are able to invest more aggressively into growth funds, but that does not mean that you should invest every single dollar you own into growth funds because it all depends on what the purpose of the fund is.

You may be young and have some money invested in growth funds, some in balanced funds, and some in conservative funds.

Everyone has different goals and different living arrangements, which mean that your financial plan must be set according to your personal circumstances.

Setting goals is important. It gives you a destination to travel to. Without goals life will take you where it takes you.

There are three categories for goal setting:

Long-term goals (over 5 years)

Medium-term goals (1-5 years)

Short-term goals (up to 12 months)

A long-term goal can be savings for your retirement or a house deposit.

A medium-term goal can be saving for an overseas holiday or a car

A short-term goal can be saving for an emergency fund.

Growth funds are ideal for long-term savings goals.

Balanced funds are ideal for medium-term savings goals

Conservative funds are ideal for short-term savings goals.

Your tolerance to risk is a factor. There is no point investing in something if the possibility of loss is going to give you sleepiness nights. Having said that, successful investors learn to take a financial hit without losing heart. They learn the lesson and apply it to future investments.

During covid, the markets went through a bad spell. Many Novice investors switched from growth to conservative funds. The markets recovered and these investors turned a temporary loss into a permanent one.

The moral of this is to plan and stick with your plan because if you have invested according to your risk-profile then what the markets are doing should not be an issue to you.

People make different choices, some make right choices and others make wrong choices. It all leads to different outcomes. If you want a different outcome to what you have been getting then make different choices. It is as simple as that!

All the best.

ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

This article is of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website or ebook.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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Dividend Reinvestment Plan-what it is

Dividend Reinvestment Plan-what it is

Written by R. A. Stewart

Some companies give their investors the option of accepting a dividend or have the dividend paid out in shares. This is called a DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN (DRP or DRIP).

This can be cheaper than accepting the dividend and reinvesting the money elsewhere. This kind of arrangement makes it easier for an investor to grow their investment and saves money because investing your dividends elsewhere will attract fees for the new investment

A DRP at work

You have opted into a company’s DRP and it issues a dividend. What happens next?

Those who have opted into the companies DRP receive their dividends in the form of extra shares, while those investors who have not opted into the DRP receive their dividends in the form of cash.

The way a company calculates its share price will determine how many shares you will receive. Its method of calculation is sometimes called the “Strike Price”.

The shares are distributed within the company which means that you as the shareholder saves money on transaction fees. This process occurs each time the company declares a dividend. Sometimes the company will stop the Dividend Reinvestment Plan for one reason or another and when this happens, its shareholders will be informed of this,

Is Dividend Reinvestment Plan Right for you

Only you can answer this question, because it all depends on your personal circumstances and your goals. If you are using the income you receive from shares, in this case dividends to pay for some of your expenses, health insurance, for example, then you will want to receive the dividends into your bank account. If you are a long term investor and do not need your dividends then you may choose to opt in to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. If you are unsure, then speak to a financial advisor.

The downfall of DRP is that it could reduce your diversification. Your strategy could be to spread your portfolio over a range of shares. Reinvesting your dividends in certain companies can mean your investment becomes unbalanced and weighted toward certain industries.

Always keep in mind that whenever there is the opportunity for a capital gain there is also the opportunity for a capital loss, therefore, it is best to invest according to your risk profile. 

About this article

The contents of this article are of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore, discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your  website/blog, or ebook.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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Build your Wealth with Diversification

The Art of Diversification

Written by R. A. Stewart

“Invest your money in many places because you never know what kind of bad luck you are going to have in this world.”-Ecclesiastes 11:1-2

Diversification means that you invest your money in several companies in order to manage your risk. We all know that from time to time a company will collapse, leaving those who invested in them out of pocket. We sometimes hear of cases where one or two investors had their entire life savings invested in such companies and got severely hurt by their loss.

The big mistake these people made was that they placed all of their eggs in one basket. They have only themselves to blame and no one else.

It is important to ask the question of “How will the loss of this money affect my lifestyle? And invest accordingly.

If you are investing for the long term, ten years+ for example then the share market drops should not worry you. These dips are only temporary and you should not view it as a loss but rather treat share market volatility as a fact of life and just get used to it.

Life has its own concerns without being overly concerned with how your portfolio is doing. If you have invested according to your risk profile then there is nothing to be concerned about.

No investment is entirely risk free but in order to increase your wealth then it is necessary to take risks but that does not mean gambling with your money which is speculating on a certain outcome. Investing means taking calculated and sensible risks. 

What is a sensible risk?

Investing in cryptocurrency for your retirement fund is not a sensible risk, it is a reckless one. However, investing in cryptocurrency as a side interest and with only discretionary spending money is fine as long as you understand the risks involved and the loss of your capital in this way is not going to affect your lifestyle.

The same can be said to investing in individual shares as an interest. I have a sharesies account where I drip feed money into individual shares in the share market. I choose one company to invest in per year and drip feed money into this company throughout the year. The share price will go up and down throughout the year and I will get shares at the lower price when they are down.

Investing your retirement fund in this way is considered to be “Placing all of your eggs in the one basket,” and is not recommended, but investing speculatively with your discretionary spending money can provide an added interest and an extra string to your financial bow.

About this article

The contents of this article are of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website, or ebook. 

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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How to Start a Sharemarket portfolio from Scratch…

How to Start a Share market portfolio from Scratch…

Even if you have never invested a dollar

Written by R. A. Stewart

You are a beginner to investing and want to know how to get involved in the share market and don’t have much money to invest.

My advice is firstly to ensure you have set up a pension scheme with your employer. This will help make money retirement easier as far as finances goes. Anything else you invest should be treated as strings to your financial bow.

Here is my advice to investing novices. 

There are two ways for you to drip-feed your money into the share market. They are:

  1. To join a managed fund type of investment. This is a fund where your money is combined with the money of other investors. The fund manager invests in the share market on your behalf. This minimizes risk because funds invested in this way are spread across different asset classes, something which is unobtainable for most investors unless you are already financially well off.
  2. To sign up with an online investing site where you are able to drip-feed money into the share market. Do your research into the various platforms. Popular ones are robinhood in the USA and sharesies in Australasia. 

Two pieces of advice which financial experts will tell you is “Do your research and diversify.”

It helps if you are familiar with the industries and companies you are investing with. I use the online platform “Sharesies” which is based in New Zealand. My strategy is to choose one company per year and drip-feed money throughout the year into this one company. I chose New Zealand based companies, all of them household names. I have already decided the following year’s company to invest in by Christmas.

I have invested in a range of companies such as Genesis Energy, Spark, Fontierra, Fletcher Building, PGG Wrightsons, and Contact Energy. All are well known brands.

It is important not to get too greedy. The internet is full of stories of people who got rich investing in this or that and made a killing. This has to be treated like a grain of salt because for everyone like that, there are countless others who tried the same thing and failed.

Greed often gets the better of people and the one who made the killing will often end up giving it all back.

The share market rewards consistency and persistence. Make sure you are in the right fund for your risk profile and your goals. If you are drip-feeding money into the share market like I am doing then it shouldn’t matter how the markets are performing. Just keep investing and let time be your friend. After all, investing with an online app is just another string to my financial bow.

You should invest in the share market with money that you cannot afford to lose is a piece of advice I have heard time and again. The main question before you invest in something is, “How will the loss of this money affect my lifestyle?” 

I would not recommend that you invest in growth funds if you need the money within a year or two because the markets may drop just as you are about to withdraw the money.

It is important to be sensible and strategic with your investing and just as important to keep a cool head otherwise you may end up with burnt fingers.

About this article

The opinions expressed in this article are of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore, discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website, or ebook.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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Investing with a Vision

Investing with a Vision

Written by R. A. Stewart

“He who lacks vision will perish.”-Proverbs 29:18

Financial planning requires vision. What does vision mean? It is the art of preparing for the unseen. People will go through life stages. They buy a car, get married, have kids, and retire. A person with vision will make provisions for these life stages. A person with no vision will spend all of their discretionary spending money without giving any thought to the future.

This is irresponsible and selfish because there are consequences to spending now and burying your head in the sand mentality and that is often poverty. 

If you enter into a relationship with someone then you will take your financial situation into that relationship. If you have a bad credit rating then you and your partner may have difficulty obtaining a mortgage.

Someone who is a good money manager will make provisions for the future which will help them to withstand financial shocks which may not have been predicted such as a job lay off or health issues.

Financial planning does not end with saving money, but rather it is the beginning. Investing that money so that it is working for you can increase your savings and certainly your financial literacy. Your risk profile is the factor which determines where you should invest your money.

Your risk profile is the amount of risk you can take on in relation to the term of the investment. 

If you are in your twenties or thirties then investing in growth funds may be right for you because you have more time to recover from a market meltdown. Someone in their sixties may need their retirement funds within five years or less and the last thing you need is for the markets to take a dive just when you need the money.

If you are putting money aside for a mortgage deposit, car, your child’s education, then you may want to take a more balanced approach with your investing.

It is worth pointing out that you could fit into more than one risk profile category.

If you are young then financial advisors suggest that investing in growth funds is the way to go for your retirement fund because you may have more than forty years before you retire.

However, you may also be putting away money for a mortgage deposit and need that money within 5-10 years so taking a more conservative approach to your house deposit funds may be best. Again, if the markets took a dive just when you needed the money then your house deposit funds will be short of where you intended it to be.

Having the right kind of attitude to your money will pay dividends in the long term. Some people scoff at those who are prudent with their money, calling them selfish and money hunger yet go out and purchase lottery tickets in the hope of winning a quick million. If that is not a contradiction in their philosophy then I don’t know what is. Gold Diggers are notorious for this. A man is their only financial plan; they have no interest in gaining any kind of financial knowledge. There is an abundance of it out there. You just need to pay a visit to your local library to find such books. Even your local charity stores will have some of these books in stock. 

My favourite authors are Frances Cook, Mary Holm, and Martin Hawes. These financial advisors are from New Zealand. Their advice is just as applicable to other countries, well, most of it. It is just a matter of acting on what they say. That is, if it is applicable to your personal circumstances. 

Having some kind of vision for your life will make it meaningful and fulfilling and that requires a degree of vision. Just Go For It and take no notice of your detractors.

About this article

This article is of the opinion of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your ebook, website, or blog.

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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How to respond to financial setbacks

 

Written by R.A.Stewart

In 2008 during the Global Financial Crisis, a company I had money invested in went bust. I had close to 7 grand invested in it but my initial investment was 5k. The interest rate the company offered investors was higher than what you would receive if investing for a fixed term with the banks. 

I had smaller amounts invested in other companies which went bust.

The company had assets in property and I thought that at least they had assets which could cover the loan if they ever went bust. Problem was, their assets were worth less than their liabilities.

It reminds me of the 1987 sharemarket crash, also known as “Black Monday” when investors borrowed money using the value of their shares as collateral and as the value of shares increased investors were able to borrow even more. 

That is until the crash when the value of their portfolio was worth less than the money owing on them.

A guy I worked with told me that he had mortgaged his house to purchase shares and was left with a debt which at that time will take years to pay off.

There are several ways in which people respond to financial setbacks such as those that have been described. Here are three:

  1. Stop investing in the markets

Some people who got their fingers burnt during Black Monday, stopped investing at all and just left their money in an ordinary savings account. These people may have avoided future share market shocks but they have also missed out on the market rises. Savings which are just left in a personal bank account will lose money if it is left there for any length of time when you consider the effect of inflation and taxation.

  1. Blame Others

During the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), a lot of investors lost money that they had invested in finance companies. A few had their entire life savings invested in some of these companies. Many blamed those in charge of the company for it going under. Not one of those who were interviewed by the TV reporter who covered their meetings took responsibility for their situation or even admitted that they made an error in placing all of their eggs in the one basket. Why did they not diversify their portfolio in order to minimize the risk of losing everything in one hit. Placing all of your eggs in the one basket is just like going to the races and putting all of your money on the one horse. It is easy to be upbeat when things are going well, but try getting along with someone who has taken a heavy loss.

When choosing where to invest, the question one has to ask is, “How will the loss of this money affect my lifestyle?”

Greed gets the better of some people, so much so, that they ignore all of the telltale warning signs. 

Financial experts warned investors about the risks of investing in financial companies which offer high interest rates, saying, “The high interest rates do not reflect the risk investors are taking with their money.”

  1. Learn from the experience

Then you can take it on the chin and accept that you made an error of judgement. Experience is an expensive teacher but you have to invest in order to gain experience and become financially literate. It is important to get over the fear of loss when investing for the long term. If you are investing for the short term such as for next summer’s vacation or for a car then you may want to invest conservatively.

The question that needs to be asked is, “How will the loss of this money affect my lifestyle?”

When I say loss, I mean if the share market drops by 5% or more. You lose only if you sell your shares. A 5% drop in the market is not a problem for those investing for the long or medium term. 

The only way to get experience is to invest. Experience is your best teacher; this applies to any job or activity which you undertake. You will make mistakes; don’t beat yourself up or blame others; learn the lesson and take that into your future decisions.

About this article

This article may not be applicable to your personal circumstances, therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website or ebook. 

Read my other articles on www.robertastewart.com

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Your Money Your Responsibility 

Your Money Your Responsibility 

Written by R. A. Stewart

Your money is your responsibility. It is your choice what you do with it once it becomes yours, but you have the responsibility of how you manage your money. Being a good steward of money means being responsible for how you use it. This requires maturity.

Here are the main factors which will help you become a good steward of money.

  1. Gaining a financial education

It is your responsibility to become financially literate. In this day and age where there is so much information available on making the most of your money, it is inexcusable to be financially literate. 

All it may take for you to find books on personal finance is to just visit your local library. If you are prepared to spend a bit of money then you may find some good books at your local bookstore.

Frances Cook, Mary Holm, and Martin Hawes are excellent New Zealand authors of Financial books.

  1. Make your own decisions

Some people will get others to make decisions on their behalf, so that whenever something goes wrong they always have someone to blame. “You told me to invest in such and such company and now I have lost my money.” It is your money so that it is your responsibility to make the most of it. 

  1. Accept your own mistakes

Investing is a learning process. In order to become a good investor you need to invest and gain experience doing so. Mistakes will be made. The important thing is to learn from them and move on. 

  1. Living within your means.

It is your responsibility to live within your means. This means that if you choose to get married, have kids, or buy a car, then it is your responsibility to ensure that you are in a suitable financial position to do these things. 

  1. Pay all of your bills

Everyone has fixed costs such as utilities, phones, and whatever. It is the responsibility and the mature thing to pay all of these on time. A bad credit rating can hurt your chances of obtaining a mortgage in the future.

  1. Save a portion of your income

It is your responsibility to save a portion of your income to provide some kind of cushion for a future financial setback. Establishing a rainy day fund is always suggested by financial experts.

  1. Listen to wise advice

The markets went up and down and they were all down after President Trump announced tariffs on overseas imports to the US. The experts in New Zealand were advising investors to remain calm during this time and not to react to the market slide by changing funds. “This is the nature of the markets,” they said. Many did change funds and when the markets recovered the losses, these people missed out on the gains. As a result, their kiwisaver balances took a hit. 

Your financial plan has to take into consideration the market volatility. The question is, “If the market dropped 5% or whatever, how will this affect my lifestyle?”

If you have ten or so years remaining till you retire then the answer is that it won’t in the short or medium term. 

It is your responsibility to heed advice when it is given but at the same time have the common sense to know whether the advice is good or bad.

Once you have gained enough experience at investing you will have the know how to discern whether advice is good or bad and what the motive is behind the person giving the advice.

About this article: The opinions expressed are those of the writer and may not be applicable to your personal circumstances therefore discretion is advised. You may use this article as content for your blog/website or ebook.

Read my other articles at www.robertastewart.com